IME a 10 bolt is a 10 bolt, the rear carrier in my 87 V10 burb is out of a 79 Z28 Camaro. The 3.73s should still bolt in. 10 bolts aren't that strong, I've broken a few over the years but as long as you don't abuse it you should be fine.
I agree with not wanting to put a lot of money into a 10 bolt, but at the same time you shouldn't have to change the carrier, it's just a matter of whether you think it's worth spending the money or not. It is a lot cheaper to just change gears than swap everything out. If you're not going wheeling or towing on a regular basis or doing big burnouts all the time your 10 bolt isn't magically gonna blow on you for no reason. However if you do plan to be a little rough on the truck then as HDR says it would be a good idea to upgrade.
Honestly, if you have 33s I would go for 4.10 instead of 3.73. I have 3.73s and 31s, I already feel underpowered. I'm getting 33s when these tires are done (which is probably soon, they're already getting down there) and when that happens I am also switching to 4.10 gears. You'll still be able to drive it with 3.73s sure, but if you want to be able to get out of your own way at all I would suggest getting something a little shorter than 3.73s. They're great for cruising on the highway 2K rpms @ ~70-72mph with the 31s, but they feel a little tall and I'm dreading what even bigger tires will feel like.